the disease-free plants in micropropagation can be obtained by

When the apex of a shoot is used for multiplication by tissue culture, we get disease-free plants because the shoot apical meristem, a group of dividing cells at the tip of a stem or root, is free from pathogens. Genetically identical plants derived from an individual are called clones.

1. What is the most suitable for virus free plants for micropropagation?
2. How can we obtain virus free plants?
3. Which tissue is used as an explant to obtain virus free plants in tissue culture?
4. Which technique is commonly used in ornamental plants to grow from one parent in disease free conditions?
5. Why meristem is not affected by virus?
6. Which part would you select as an explant to recover healthy plants from virus affected plants?
7. How do plants control virus diseases?
8. Do viruses attack plants?
9. What is thermotherapy in plants?
10. What are the types of micropropagation?
11. Which of the following should be used as an explant to generate a disease free plant?
12. What does meristem mean?
13. What are the two ways of propagating ornamental plants?
14. What is Macropropagation?
15. Which technique is commonly used for ornamental plants?
16. Which part of plant is virus free?
17. Is axillary meristem virus free?
18. How do you do meristem culture?
19. How can tissue culture be applied to recover healthy plants from virus infected plants?
20. Which of the following explant is used for recovery of healthy plants from diseased plant?
21. How can we obtain a healthy plant from a virus infected plant?

What is the most suitable for virus free plants for micropropagation?

So, the correct answer is 'Meristem'.

How can we obtain virus free plants?

Shoot meristem-tip culture alone or in combination with thermotherapy, chemotherapy, electrotherapy and/or cryotherapy is being widely used to raise virus free plants from infected stock plants.

Which tissue is used as an explant to obtain virus free plants in tissue culture?

The meristem grows into a virus-free shoot that is rooted to get a virus-free plant.

Which technique is commonly used in ornamental plants to grow from one parent in disease free conditions?

Advantages. Micropropagation has a number of advantages over traditional plant propagation techniques: The main advantage of micropropagation is the production of many plants that are clones of each other. Micropropagation can be used to produce disease-free plants.

Why meristem is not affected by virus?

The reasons for the meristem to be free from the virus: ... These cells have a high rate of metabolism and viruses cannot replicate in such cells. Most of the viruses migrate through Vascular elements but at the tip/meristem region, vascular elements are not formed. Thus, viruses cannot reach the meristem region.

Which part would you select as an explant to recover healthy plants from virus affected plants?

Answer. Shoot tip( OR )Root tip... where the cells are actively dividing.. where virus cannot grow.

How do plants control virus diseases?

Plant viruses need to be transmitted by an organism-vector (insects, nematodes, zoosporic endoparasites) for their plant-to-plant spread. Hence, viral diseases can be efficiently controlled by limiting the populations of their vectors with the applications of appropriate pesticides.

Do viruses attack plants?

Some viruses can infect plants when aphids and other insects tap into the phloem to feed. Such insect vectors can also pick up virus particles and carry them to new plant hosts. Other viruses infect plant cells through a wound site created by a leaf-munching insect such as a beetle.

What is thermotherapy in plants?

Thermotherapy, simple in principle, consists in heat treatment of plant parts at temperature/time regimes that kill the conserved pathogen and that are only slightly injurious to the host. Heat is applied mainly by water, air, or vapor. ... To disinfect seeds, authors mainly use hot water and hot air treatments.

What are the types of micropropagation?

Micropropagation techniques are of three types based on the way of propagation: first, the propagation from shoots with cytokinin like benzyladenine or kinetin; second, multiple shoot differentiation from dedifferentiating tissue, callus, with an auxin-like indole acetic acid; and finally, the embryo differentiation ...

Which of the following should be used as an explant to generate a disease free plant?

Which of the following should be used as an explant to generate a disease free plant ? Solution : Although the plant is infected with a virus, the meristem (apical and axillary) is free of virus. Hence, one can remove the meristem (shoot tip) and grow it in vitro to obtain virus-free plants.

What does meristem mean?

: a formative plant tissue usually made up of small cells capable of dividing indefinitely and giving rise to similar cells or to cells that differentiate to produce the definitive tissues and organs.

What are the two ways of propagating ornamental plants?

There are two ways of propagating ornamental plants. These are sexual and asexual . In sexual propagation, seeds are planted until they grow into seedlings. In asexual propagation, roots, cuttings of branches, twigs, or leaves are planted and grown into new plants.

What is Macropropagation?

In the absence of seeds, vegetative propagation methods are used for the production of planting stock. ... In macro-propagation, conventional methods of offset planting, rhizome planting, rooting of cuttings and layering are used while in micro-propagation various tissue culture techniques are being employed.

Which technique is commonly used for ornamental plants?

Answer. artificial insemination , in vitro fertilization ,cloning etc ,these techniques is used for producing ornamental plants .

Which part of plant is virus free?

Apical meristems are virus free tissues as most of the viruses can not infect these tissues and viral growth can not keep pace with these fast growing/dividing meristems. Thus, apical meristem is used to culture and produces a virus free plant.

Is axillary meristem virus free?

In virus-infected plants the meristematic tissues in both apical and axillary buds are free of virus because. Viruses cannot multiply within meristem cells.

How do you do meristem culture?

Meristem culture involves three steps of propagation that is explained below: Initiation of culture: In this step, the explant is transferred to culture media for callus formation and generation of new shoots.
...

1. Virus elimination. ...
2. Mass propagation. ...
3. Germplasm storage. ...
4. Genetic transformations.

How can tissue culture be applied to recover healthy plants from virus infected plants?

Three methods have been recognized as efficient ways to eliminate virus and raise virus-free plants. First, by isolating the apical meristem or the root tips from infected plants. Second, use of antimetabolites either applied to the infected plant part before bud excision, or incorporation into the nutrient medium.

Which of the following explant is used for recovery of healthy plants from diseased plant?

Answer: Healthy plants can be recovered from the diseased plants by tissue culture. From diseased plant shoot apical meristem cells can be taken as these are the actively dividing cells and they don' t have proper vascular system.

How can we obtain a healthy plant from a virus infected plant?

All viruses that spread within their host tissues (systemically) can be transmitted by grafting branches or buds from diseased plants on healthy plants. Natural grafting and transmission are possible by root grafts and with parasitic dodder (Cuscuta species). Vegetative propagation often spreads plant viruses.